Custom VESC Builds (DIY)

Building a custom VESC for your Onewheel opens a world of possibilities, allowing you to tailor the riding experience to your preferences. However, it’s a challenging undertaking requiring careful planning, research, and a solid understanding of electronics and mechanics. This guide provides a roadmap for embarking on your DIY VESC journey.

:warning: DISCLAIMER: The VESC Bible is currently being republished and rewritten to encompass all necessary beginner guides. All guides with a beta tag are still preliminary and need to be vetted and reviewed by VESC experts.

Steps Involved in a DIY VESC Build

1. Planning and Research:

  • Determine Your Goals: Before diving into the build, define your objectives. Do you prioritise speed, torque, range, or specific riding characteristics?
  • Component Selection: Research and choose the VESC controller, motor, battery, BMS, and other components that align with your goals and budget.
  • Gather Information: Find the right tutorials and steps and technical specification for each of the chosen components.

2. Sourcing Components:

  • VESC Controller: The heart of your build, controlling motor speed and power. Consider factors like voltage limits, current handling capabilities, and available features.
  • Motor: Your choice of motor impacts torque, speed, and efficiency. Research options like the Hypercore (stock motor) or aftermarket alternatives (Cannon Core or Superflux HS/HT).
  • Tire: While the motor usually comes with a tire, you can choose from different suppliers all kinds of types: Slick or threaded, soft or hard, more flat or more rounded.
  • Rim Savers (optional): Protects the rims of the motor hub and gives the tire a slightly different feeling.
  • Battery: The energy source for your build. Choose a battery pack with appropriate voltage, capacity, and discharge rate to meet your range and performance needs.
  • BMS (Battery Management System): Essential for battery protection and longevity. Decide between smart BMS for advanced features and monitoring or dumb BMS for simplicity and affordability.
  • Enclosures: Protects the controller and battery. Choose a suitable enclosure based on your chosen components and desired aesthetics.
  • Bumpers: Plenty of options available where you can choose based on your preferences in aesthetics and functionality. Beware that some of them need minor modifications to fit certain enclosure models.
  • Rails: Plenty of options in different shapes available
  • Footpad & Sensor: Choose from the various options based on your stance, shoe size and level of comfort that you are looking for
  • Wiring, Connectors, and Accessories: Gather necessary wiring, connectors (like XT60 and JST), heat shrink tubing, and other accessories for assembly.
  • Lights: Depending on your needs and preferences, you might need a buck converter and a light controller.

3. Assembly and Wiring:

  • Prepare the Enclosure: Modify the enclosure to accommodate the components, including mounting holes, cable routing, and necessary cutouts.
  • Mount Components: Securely mount the VESC controller, battery, BMS, and other components within the enclosure.
  • Wiring: Carefully wire all components according to the chosen VESC controller’s specifications and wiring diagrams. Pay meticulous attention to polarity and connector types.
  • Soldering: Some connections might require soldering. Ensure proper soldering techniques and use appropriate tools for safe and reliable connections.

4. Configuration and Testing:

  • VESC Tool Setup: Connect the VESC controller to your computer using a USB cable and utilise VESC Tool software to configure motor parameters, battery settings, and other essential settings.
  • Bench Testing: Before installing the build on your Onewheel, perform thorough bench tests to verify proper operation, motor control, and safety features.
  • Installation: Carefully install the completed VESC build into your Onewheel, ensuring all connections are secure and properly routed.
  • Ride Testing: Start with conservative settings and gradually adjust parameters based on your riding style and preferences.

Tools and Equipment

  • Soldering Iron and Solder: Essential for making secure electrical connections.
  • Multimeter: Used for testing voltage, continuity, and resistance to troubleshoot wiring issues.
  • Wire Strippers and Cutters: For preparing wires and connectors.
  • Heat Shrink Tubing and Heat Gun: Provides insulation and protection for soldered connections.
  • Screwdrivers and Wrenches: For assembling and disassembling components.
  • 3D Printer (Optional): Useful for creating custom mounts, adapters, or enclosure modifications.

Resources for Planning a DIY VESC Build

  • Websites:
    • PEV.dev: A comprehensive resource for Onewheel VESC information, build guides, and community discussions.
  • Discord Servers:
    • VESCify Discord: Active community for discussing VESC builds, troubleshooting, and sharing knowledge.
    • Funwheel Discord: Dedicated server for Funwheel riders, including VESC conversions.
    • Floatwheel Discord: Server for Floatwheel owners, with resources and support for VESC builds.
  • YouTube Channels:
    • The Board Garage: Provides informative videos on VESC builds, battery technology, and related topics.
    • surfdado: Offers insights into VESC configuration, tuning, and general Onewheel modifications.
    • Leon Chang: Focuses on electronics, soldering techniques, and DIY projects relevant to VESC builds.
    • VOW Systems: Features tutorials and guides specific to building Onewheels within the VOW ecosystem.

Additional Tips

  • Safety First: Working with electronics and batteries requires caution. Always disconnect power sources before working on wiring, wear appropriate safety gear, and handle batteries with care.
  • Document Your Build: Take photos, notes, and create wiring diagrams to track your progress and aid in troubleshooting.
  • Patience and Persistence: Building a custom VESC can be challenging, especially for beginners. Expect setbacks and don’t hesitate to seek help from online communities or experienced builders.
  • Continuous Learning: The world of VESC is constantly evolving. Stay updated with the latest advancements, firmware releases, and tuning techniques.

This guide provides a starting point for your DIY VESC journey. Embrace the challenges, learn from your mistakes, and enjoy the freedom of customising your Onewheel riding experience.